SUDs are chronic diseases characterized by compulsive use of substances despite harmful consequences to one's physical, mental, and social well-being. SUDs reprogram the reward systems of the brain, mainly the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, to lead to continuous drug-seeking behaviors. These disorders relate to a complex interaction of genetic, environmental, and psychosocial factors. Diagnosis of these disorders relies on the DSM-5, and the severity and frequency of symptoms ascertain severity. The effective treatment will incorporate pharmacotherapy, including opioid agonists and alcohol disorder medications, along with evidence-based therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing. The Addiction World Conference AWC 2025 will be a significant forum to discuss the latest research and innovative treatment strategies for SUDs.